Sturmian words

The Sequence of Open and Closed Prefixes of a Sturmian Word

A finite word is closed if it contains a factor that occurs both as a prefix and as a suffix but does not have internal occurrences, otherwise it is open. We are interested in the oc-sequence of a word, which is the binary sequence whose *n*-th …

The sequence of open and closed prefixes of a Sturmian word

A finite word is closed if it contains a factor that occurs both as a prefix and as a suffix but does not have internal occurrences, otherwise it is open. We are interested in the oc-sequence of a word, which is the binary sequence whose *n*-th …

On Christoffel and standard words and their derivatives

We introduce and study natural derivatives for Christoffel and finite standard words, as well as for characteristic Sturmian words. These derivatives, which are realized as inverse images under suitable morphisms, preserve the aforementioned classes …

Sturmian words and the Stern sequence

Central, standard, and Christoffel words are three strongly interrelated classes of binary finite words which represent a finite counterpart to characteristic Sturmian words. A natural arithmetization of the theory is obtained by representing …

Infinite Words with Well Distributed Occurrences

In this paper we introduce the *well distributed occurrences* (WDO) combinatorial property for infinite words, which guarantees good behavior (no lattice structure) in some related pseudorandom number generators. An infinite word $u$ on a $d$-ary …

Open and Closed Prefixes of Sturmian Words

A word is closed if it contains a proper factor that occurs both as a prefix and as a suffix but does not have internal occurrences, otherwise it is open. We deal with the sequence of open and closed prefixes of Sturmian words and prove that …

Reversible Christoffel factorizations

We define a family of natural decompositions of Sturmian words in Christoffel words, called reversible Christoffel (RC) factorizations. They arise from the observation that two Sturmian words with the same language have (almost always) …

Some characterizations of Sturmian words in terms of the lexicographic order

In this paper we present three new characterizations of Sturmian words based on the lexicographic ordering of their factors.

Combinatorial aspects of Sturmian sequences and their generalizations

Combinatorial properties of Sturmian palindromes

We study some structural and combinatorial properties of Sturmian palindromes, i.e., palindromic finite factors of Sturmian words. In particular, we give a formula which permits to compute in an exact way the number of Sturmian palindromes of …